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托福聽力第二題 托福聽力提升2種高效備考方法介紹( 二 )


2、主旨題題型分類及典型問法
主旨題分為目的主旨和內(nèi)容主旨 。
目的主旨: 考查對話目的而非內(nèi)容,即兩個說話者的對話目的和教授講這篇文章的目的 。目的主旨一般出現(xiàn)于conversation中 。
目的主旨典型問法:Why does the student visit the professor?
Why does the student visit the registrar’s office?
Why did the professor ask to see the student?
Why does the professor explain X?
內(nèi)容主旨: 要求考生理解講座或?qū)υ挼闹髦即笠?。材料有時會明確提出主旨,有時會很含蓄 。要求學生對聽到的信息進行歸納總結(jié) 。
內(nèi)容主旨典型問法:What problem does the man have?
What are the speakers talking about?
What is the main ideaof the lecture?
What aspect of X does the professor mainly discuss?
3、主旨題解題技巧
關于解題技巧大家應該首先注意的是這兩種題型與大家詞匯量的多少無關 。也就是說,詞匯量即使很少也不會給這兩種題型的解題造成障礙 。首先要聽準開頭;特別是開頭句型,之后找出對話目的;如果開頭沒有把握準,那么要注意全文重復詞匯;最后要聽準關鍵詞并對實義詞(名詞、動詞、形容詞)足夠敏感 。那么,如何聽準開頭呢?在conversation和lecture的開頭中,有的文章會出現(xiàn)寒暄部分 。
比如,在conversation中兩個說話者的在開頭部分都會出現(xiàn)互相問好的寒暄語:
e.g.1 A : Hey, how is everything going?
B: Well, everything is going fine.
e.g.2 A: Hi, are you Paula?
B: Oh, hi, Jim. Nice to see you!
在這些寒暄之后說話人A說Do you need some tutoring in English? 說話人B說:yes, I am taking English composition and my English is not very good. 這才是文章的真正內(nèi)容,也就是文章的主旨!所以選項的相應部分選擇的是:She needs a tutoring appointment!
在lecture中,有時教授上來不會直接切入正題,而是先會寒暄幾句 。
例1:有個教授上來先說I am sorry that I didn’t bring your paper, and it took longer to grade than I thought. So I will bring you the paper next class. Today, I want to continue our topic about Renaissance. 所以“I am sorry that I didn’t bring your paper, and it took longer to grade than I thought. So I will bring you the paper next class.”這句話都是在說與文章主旨無關緊要的話 。而真正與文章主旨有關的是以today開頭的這句話!所以,顯而易見,這篇文章的主要內(nèi)容就是Renaissance(文藝復興) 。
例2:In the last class, we discussed the Jazz music history. But today, I am going to talk about the development of the jazz music. 那么很顯然,In the last class, we discussed the Jazz music history.這是上節(jié)課講的內(nèi)容 。在強轉(zhuǎn)折but之后,老師緊接著說I am going to talk about the development of the jazz music. 那么,文章的主旨也就很明確了 。

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